Imbangela yokwehluleka kokuphuka ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-18 zevalvu yesihlungi sensimbi engagqwali yasebenza izinyanga ezingu-18, futhi ivalve yokuphuka yatholwa futhi yahlaziywa ivalve yokuphuka, izicubu zesigaba segolide, kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali.Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi indawo eqhekekile ye-valve iyigobolondo futhi isici sokuhlunga sihlola kabusha isayithi, okungukuthi, ukumelana nengxenye enkulu yokucindezela kwegesi, umthombo wokuguguleka kanye nomthombo wokuqhekeka okuvela empandeni yentambo engaphakathi. , yelulelwe endaweni yangaphakathi yegobolondo le-valve ngaphandle Impahla i-ferrite+martensite izicubu zamazwe amabili, futhi amaphuzu evolumu ye-perchine tissue ngu-15% kuya ku-25%.Ngaphansi kwe-valve umzimba ophukile umlomo uyisicaba, futhi ukuqhekeka phakathi kwezinhlamvu kugcwele, okubonisa izici zezingcezu ezicwebezelayo.Kukhona ukuphambuka okukhulu kokuqukethwe kwe-CR kanye ne-Ni esakhiweni somzimba we-valve yesihlungi, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-ferrite kukhulu kuno-10%, okunciphisa ukuqina kwepulasitiki kwezinto.Lesi yisici esingokwemvelo ekuhlulekeni kwezinto ezibonakalayo;Ukuguguleka kuxutshwa nesigaba sesibili se-carbon-rich kanye ne-chromium ekubuyiseleni izinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nemifantu endaweni lapho ukugxiliswa kwengcindezi kugxilwe khona.Ngaphansi kwethonya lokucindezeleka okushintshanisayo, ukuqhekeka kunwetshwa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi impahla ekugcineni izophuka.